Fr Nadim Nassar, the first Syrian to be ordained as a priest in the Church of England, fears the decision could spark a fresh power struggle in the region.
He told Premier any effort to de-escalate conflict in Syria was welcome, adding: "They shouldn't be there in the first place, anyway; they should have left Syrians to decide the future of Syria.
"But they decided to march in... instead of helping the Syrians to find a solution for their own conflict."
The US President said on Wednesday that Islamic State had been defeated in Syria, suggesting his administration was preparing to send 2,000 American troops currently there home.
Among those criticising the claim was the British defence minister Tobias Ellwood, who tweeted: "I strongly disagree.
"It has morphed into other forms of extremism and the threat is very much alive."
Fr Nadim said a decision by the US to withdraw without securing strong support for in-country allies would mark a highly unusually step by Washington.
He voiced concern such a move could prompt neighbouring powers including Iran, Russia and Turkey to embark on fresh efforts to assert greater influence in Syria, unleashing further "chaos".
After historic victories against ISIS, it's time to bring our great young people home! pic.twitter.com/xoNjFzQFTp
— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) December 19, 2018
The clergyman added: "I always pray that God may look upon us with mercy and help us to find a peaceful solution to the conflict."
Hundreds of thousands of people have been displaced by the conflict.
Click here to listen to Premier's Alex Williams speaking with Fr Nadim Nassar, co-founder of the Awareness Foundation:
Stay up to date with the latest news stories from a Christian perspective. Sign up to our daily newsletter and receive more stories like this straight to your inbox every morning.