The organisation Christians Against Christian Nationalism defines Christian nationalism as “a political ideology that seeks to merge Christian and American identities, distorting both the Christian faith and America’s constitutional democracy".
To measure Christian nationalism, the Public Religion Research Institute (PRRI) used a battery of five questions about the relationship between Christianity, American identity and the US government.
PRRI said its latest data remains largely stable compared with its 2022 study, although there has been a slight decline in Americans who qualify as Christian nationalism rejecters. That group peaked at 32% in June 2023 but fell to 26% by the end of 2025.
Race, ethnicity and education
White evangelical protestants and Hispanic protestants are the most likely to hold Christian nationalist beliefs. White evangelical protestants (67%) and Hispanic protestants (54%) are the only major religious groups in which a majority hold such views.
The data shows that white Americans who frequently attend religious services, pray or read the Bible or other religious texts are more likely than their Black and Hispanic counterparts to qualify as Christian nationalism adherents or sympathisers.
On politics and media habits, a majority of Republicans qualify as either Christian nationalism adherents (21%) or sympathisers (35%), compared with one-quarter of independents and fewer than one in five democrats.
Two-thirds of Americans who trust far-right news sources qualify as Christian nationalism adherents (34%) or sympathizers (31%).
Support for Christian nationalism is also associated with lower levels of education and older age groups.
Christian nationalism by region
States with the highest levels of support for Christian nationalism are Arkansas (54%), Mississippi (52%), West Virginia (51%), Oklahoma (49%) and Wyoming (46%).
More than half of White, non-Hispanic residents in Arkansas (59%), Mississippi (54%) and West Virginia (53%) support Christian nationalism.
PRRI found that the higher residents in a state scored on the Christian nationalism scale, the more likely they were to hold favourable views of former President Donald Trump and the Republican Party in their state legislatures.