A poll, carried out by the Association of Teachers and Lecturers, found that 44% of teachers believe their students have been driven to self-harm as a result.
12% said it had also lead to pupils in their school attempting suicide.
Chairman of the Association of Christian Teachers, Clive Ireson, said: "The church probably could be doing more because in the church we pretend that we're all alright and we don't like to admit that we have a problem.
"If we can open up communication and allow people to be a bit more relaxed and to say when they have problems that might well help."
The survey also showed that 31% of respondents think students have developed eating disorders due to stress, 21% say students take recreational drugs to alleviate the pressure and 34% think it causes their pupils to truant.
A secondary school teacher from Cambridge said: "These issues were still prevalent 10 years ago, but now I think we are better at identifying them.
"Sadly, there is still not enough funding to do much. Students can sometimes wait months for an initial assessment, even when suicidal."
This was echoed by a primary teacher from Lincoln who said: "Lack of council funds have definitely had a detrimental effect on our ability as a school to support our children.
"The external services simply are not available any more, or are so oversubscribed that it can be half a school year or more before any support is received by the child."
For Clive Ireson, there is a clear way forward: "Our best schools have very good pastoral support and we need to ensure that all our schools have fantastic pastoral support to and to ensure there is someone pupils can talk to when they feel under stress.
"Parents should look to make sure that their children have a balanced life. Of course we want all children to achieve their best, but it is not everything. It is important to enjoy life at the same time as achieving academic excellence."
But despite what he describes as the "shocking figures", Mr Ireson believes the Gospel can shine brighter as children realise that before God they do not have to reach a certain moral standard to be accepted, but rather trust in his grace: "We are all equal in God's eyes. Whoever we are, wherever we are, in whatever position in life we are."