Revd Phyllis Sortor was taken by several masked men during an incident at a school in Kogi state, central Nigeria.
She was working for the Free Methodist Church.
In a statement the Church said: "The U.S. Embassy has been notified, and the State Department and the FBI are working with local authorities to find and rescue her.
"We are calling on the U.S. church to join together in prayer for Phyllis' safety and speedy release."
It's reported her kidnappers opened fire in the school before taking her away.