MPs voted by 274 to 12 in support of the motion, but this will not force the government to change its policy.
Downing Street has already indicated that ministers will ignore the vote and refuse to recognise Palestine.
Labour told its MPs to vote in favour of the motion, suggesting that if the party wins the next election it could change the UK's policy.
Of the UN's 193 member states, 135 have already recognised Palestinian statehood.
Yesterday, the Catholic and Anglican Churches issued a joint statement giving their support to the bill.
It said: "At a time of great uncertainty in the Middle East and North Africa, we hold that it is the reasonable aspiration of all peoples to belong to a state and enjoy the merits of full and active citizenship on their own lands.
"We equally believe that the right of Palestinians for such statehood has been long overdue.
"Given the benchmarks established by international law and universal legitimacy, and in light of the support offered by the Christian Church in the Holy Land, we believe Palestinians should also have a state that they can at long last call home.
"Such a principled recognition by our Parliament and Government will facilitate rather than hamper the negotiations that would inevitably follow between Israelis and Palestinians to agree upon the details of this new and sovereign state created next to a secure Israel.
"Peace needs a bold vision."
But Christian Friends of Israel told Premier the move would only complicate things in the region.
Chief executive Jacob Vince said: "The problem with making a big pronouncement is it really doesn't move us much further on.
"It doesn't deal with the issues within the Palestinian authority or the Palestinian territory itself, where you've got Fatah and Hamas."
He added the gives "traction" to pro-Palestine campaigners and will be "spun in a particular way".
Christian MP Frank Field from the Labour Party voted in favour of the motion and spoke to Premier's Des Busteed:
Christian Journalist, author and broadcaster Peter Hitchens spoke on the News Hour to Premier's Antony Bushfield: