Dilma Rousseff, who has been accused of manipulating official figures to help her regain office in 2014, spoke of her outrage after a 367-137 vote in favour of impeachment.
She denies the accusations, saying political opponents are looking to oust her using false means.
Holding it's 54th General Assembly in São Paulo, the National Conference of Bishops of Brazil (CNBB) said it was "closely monitoring" events and it expects the democratic rule of law to prevail.
In a statement, the CNBB said: "Suspicions of corruption should continue to be strictly determined.
"The current crisis highlights the need for an authentic and profound political reform, to ensure effective public participation, promotes the autonomy of the branches of government, restore the credibility of institutions, ensuring good governance and ensure social rights.
"We call the Brazilian people to preserve the high values of democratic coexistence, respect for others, tolerance and healthy pluralism, promoting political debate with serenity."
A majority vote in the Senate which will now determine whether Ms Rousseff is suspended and put on trial, paving the way for the Vice President to take control.
Quoted yesterday, Ms Rousseff's party leader in the lower house, Jose Guimaraes, said: "The Putchists won in the Chamber of Deputies ... We can turn it over in the Senate.
"We're going to continue to fight because we don't back down and we aren't going to let ourselves be beat by this momentary loss."