Approved projects include a $500,000 donation for Church restoration in Ecuador, following a 7.8 magnitude earthquake in April.
In 2016 alone, the US Bishops Conference has given $8 million to projects in Latin America and the Caribbean.
The grants are funded by a collection in dioceses across America that takes place in January every year.
In Cuba and Guatemala, grants will fund bioethics training for deacons so they can understand and advise on Catholic teachings on abortion and euthanasia.
Charitable projects in Haiti have also received a funding boost.
Bishop Eusebio Elizondo, subcommittee chairman, said in a statement: "The teachings and the pastoral care of the Catholic Church should be accessible to all, but in Latin America and the Caribbean location, geography, or economic conditions make it difficult for many to participate in the life of the Church.
"These grants are bringing the faith to those on the margins, uniting us here in the United States in a special way with our brothers and sisters on the peripheries in Latin America and the Caribbean.
"The record high amount granted this year is only possible through the generosity of so many committed Catholics in our country."