The international humanitarian organisation said the statement showed political leaders plan to make "big strides forward" on the issue but it also warned that efforts don't become undermined by the "turmoil of Brexit negotiations.
Tom Viita, Christian Aid's Head of Advocacy, said: "The Queen's Speech has set the agenda for this Parliament to make big strides forward on climate change; all parties must now work together to turn the Paris Agreement into reality."
Christian Aid said other world leaders will be "watching closely" to see that the UK is "serious" about its efforts to tackle climate change. It claimed effective action was necessary for the country to retain its "credibility" on the world stage.
Mr Viita went on to say: "The Paris Agreement provides a ready-made template for international cooperation outside the EU, and is a vital plank of the UK's place in the wider world.
"With all the turmoil of Brexit negotiations, the Government must not be distracted from this vital area of global cooperation with far reaching consequences to people around the world."
President Donald Trump prompted anger from environmental groups and the Church of England earlier this month when he announced his intention to withdraw the US from the Paris Agreement.
The accord - the first comprehensive global pact on climate change - commits participating nations to keep global temperature rises to "well below" two degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.
In a statement released after the Queen's Speech on Wednesday, Christian Aid also called on the government to develop an "ambitious" Clean Growth Plan to help the UK create a greener economy.