The Government's controversial new Brexit legislation could set "a disastrous precedent" if passed in its current form, the UK's archbishops have warned in a rare joint letter.
The five senior church leaders, including the Archbishop of Canterbury Justin Welby, said the decisions implemented in the UK Internal Market Bill would "profoundly affect" the relationship between the four nations of the United Kingdom.
The Bill sets out the way that trade within the UK will work once it is outside the EU's single market and customs union.
But it also threatens to breach international law by overriding key parts of the European Union Withdrawal Agreement.
Writing in the Financial Times (below), the archbishops said they wished to "highlight the grave responsibility" of peers in the House of Lords as they debate the Bill on Monday.
"The Bill represents a profound shift in how trading relationships within the UK will be regulated and governed," the archbishops said.
"This will not be a return to a trade regime that existed before UK joined the EU, it will be an entirely novel system, replacing one that evolved slowly and by careful negotiation over decades."
They warned that if the Bill is made law without the consent of the devolved administrations it would "further undermine trust and goodwill" among those governing the different parts of the UK.
In a report published on Friday by the House of Lords Select Committee on the constitution, peers said ministers should listen to the concerns of the devolved administrations over the Bill and amend it accordingly.
The three devolved administrations of the UK have raised concerns over the Bill, with the Scottish Government describing the legislation as a "power grab".
The archbishops said in their letter: "The Bill is, of course, not just concerned with domestic law. It currently asks the country's highest law-making body to equip a government minister to break international law. This has enormous moral, as well as political and legal, consequences.
"We believe this would create a disastrous precedent. It is particularly disturbing for all of us who feel a sense of duty and responsibility to the Good Friday (Belfast) Agreement - that international treaty on which peace and stability within and between the UK and Ireland depends."
The archbishops said that through the Bill, the UK Government was preparing to breach the Northern Ireland Protocol, which had been agreed to facilitate the UK's departure from the EU.
Their letter said: "If carefully negotiated terms are not honoured and laws can be 'legally' broken, on what foundations does our democracy stand?
"We urge lawmakers to consider this Bill in the light of values and principles we would wish to characterise relationships across these islands long after the transition period."
The Archbishop of Armagh, John McDowell, the Archbishop of Wales, John Davies, the Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church, Mark Strange, and the Archbishop of York, Stephen Cottrell, also signed the letter.
The letter in full:
As the Anglican Primates of the four nations of the United Kingdom and Ireland, we wish to highlight the grave responsibility of peers in the House of Lords today as they debate the UK Internal Market Bill. We are taking the rare step of writing together because the decisions implemented in this Bill will profoundly affect the future of our countries and the relationships between them.
The Bill represents a profound shift in how trading relationships within the UK will be regulated and governed. This will not be a return to a trade regime that existed before UK joined the EU; it will be an entirely novel system, replacing one that evolved slowly and by careful negotiation over decades.
The Scottish Parliament and Welsh Senedd have made clear that the Bill’s weakening of both the principles and the effect of devolved policymaking is of constitutional significance. Moreover, if the Bill is made law without consent from devolved legislatures (as will happen if it is not amended to address their concerns), this will further undermine trust and goodwill among those who govern the different parts of the United Kingdom.
The Bill is, of course, not just concerned with domestic law. It currently asks the country’s highest law-making body to equip a government minister to break international law. This has enormous moral, as well as political and legal, consequences.
We believe this would create a disastrous precedent. It is particularly disturbing for all of us who feel a sense of duty and responsibility to the Good Friday (Belfast) Agreement – that international treaty on which peace and stability within and between the UK and Ireland depends.
The UK negotiated the Northern Ireland Protocol with the EU to ‘protect the 1998 Agreement in all its dimensions’. One year on, in this Bill, the UK Government is not only preparing to break the Protocol, but also to breach a fundamental tenet of the Agreement: namely by limiting the incorporation of the European Convention of Human Rights in Northern Ireland law.
If carefully negotiated terms are not honoured and laws can be ‘legally’ broken, on what foundations does our democracy stand?
We urge lawmakers to consider this Bill in the light of values and principles we would wish to characterise relationships across these islands long after the transition period.
